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Supply Chain Innovation - Apple (SA)

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Business can and should be a force for good. Apple products are designed in California and built by people all over the world. We strive to uphold our high standards everywhere we operate, supporting the people and communities across our global supply chain, and working to protect the planet we all share.

A world of learning.

Professional development, United States

Open Modal Feature A world of learning. Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 The Apple Supplier Employee Development Fund is our $50 million commitment to further invest in the people in our supply chain — and to innovate and expand on our long-running education programs.

Through the Fund, supplier employees learn about their workplace rights and gain opportunities to develop new skills such as coding, smart manufacturing fundamentals, language learning, health training, and leadership development.

Since the Fund’s launch, we have delivered more than 5.7 million training and education sessions, with our programs reaching more than eight million people since 2008. Through the Fund, we are providing people all over the world with opportunities to advance in their jobs or explore new job paths.

More about Apple’s Supply Chain

People

We act on feedback.

Component manufacturing, China mainland

Learn more about supplier feedback

Education

Skills that open doors.

Robotics training, China mainland

Learn more about skills development

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability Accountability
from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Open Modal Feature Accountability
from day one. Apple products are designed in California and made by people all over the world. Thousands of businesses and millions of people in more than 50 countries and regions are part of our supply chain, contributing their skills to help build, deliver, repair, and recycle our products.

Our suppliers are required to meet the strict standards of the Apple Supplier Code of Conduct, no matter where they operate or what type of goods, services, or labor they provide to Apple. The Code’s requirements cover labor and human rights, health and safety, the environment, ethics, and management practices.

We are committed to holding ourselves and our suppliers accountable to high standards. This includes working to make sure our strict standards are met before production begins, conducting regular assessments of our suppliers’ performance, and actively listening to supplier employees.

Assessments, conducted by independent third-party auditors, thoroughly examine a supplier’s operations through worker and management interviews, detailed site walkthroughs, and comprehensive documentation reviews. In addition to planned assessments, we also conduct unannounced visits, where the supplier has no advance knowledge of the auditor’s arrival.

How we hold suppliers accountable. Check before work starts

Before we award business to a supplier or begin production, we check for any potential human rights, environmental, or other risks, and we work with them to address any issues found.

Listen to supplier employees

As part of our supplier assessment process, tens of thousands of confidential interviews are conducted with supplier employees about their workplace experiences.

Investigate reports

In addition to addressing the feedback we receive from supplier employees, we promptly investigate any allegations we receive, with Apple experts typically arriving onsite within 24 to 48 hours.

Take swift action

If a violation of our standards is discovered, we require suppliers to promptly implement a plan to correct it, and to strengthen their policies and procedures to prevent the issue from reoccurring.

Learn more about our approach to due diligence and accountability View PDF 893

assessments of supplier facilities conducted in 2024, with more than 22 percent being unannounced visits

125

new or expanding supplier facilities that were assessed in 2024 for their ability to meet our requirements before entering our supply chain

More about Apple’s Supply Chain

People

We act on feedback.

Component manufacturing, China mainland

Learn more about supplier feedback

Education

Skills that open doors.

Robotics training, China mainland

Learn more about skills development

Feature

A world of learning.

Professional development, United States

Learn more about employee development Filter by category Highlights People Education Health and Safety Environment People Labor and human rights at the foundation.

Logistics and repair, United States

Open Modal People Labor and human rights at the foundation. Everyone has the right to work in a safe and healthy environment where they’re treated with dignity and respect. We strive to protect these rights with every decision we make, including the suppliers we choose to work with, the materials we select for our products, and the processes and equipment used to make them.

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 Our standards apply globally, regardless of where people live or work or which job they do. We require our suppliers to educate their employees on their workplace rights, including how to share feedback directly with us if those rights aren’t being respected. With the help of experts, nonprofit organizations, government agencies, and workers themselves, we consistently strengthen our requirements and programs to meet the needs and uphold the rights of people across our supply chain.

2.5M+

supplier employees trained on their workplace rights in 2024

1.4M+

supplier employees’ working hours reviewed weekly to verify compliance with our standards

More about People in Apple’s Supply Chain

People

The strongest standards in hiring.

Product personalization, United States

Learn more about job recruitment processes

People

We act on feedback.

Component manufacturing, China mainland

Learn more about supplier feedback

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability People We act on feedback.

Component manufacturing, China mainland

Open Modal People We act on feedback. We encourage everyone across our supply chain to share feedback directly with Apple. That’s why we’re focused on ways to amplify their voices. We interview and survey hundreds of thousands of supplier employees each year and provide hotlines, as well as a feedback form on this website, so they can anonymously raise concerns to us. We use this feedback to support our suppliers in strengthening their operations and management practices, providing the best possible experience for their employees.

In addition to addressing the feedback we receive from supplier employees, we promptly investigate any allegations we receive, with Apple experts typically arriving onsite within 24 to 48 hours. Apple does not tolerate retaliation, and any supplier that retaliates against an employee for raising a concern faces immediate consequences, up to and including termination of their business with Apple. We require our suppliers to promptly address any issues that arise, and we regularly check on their progress until we confirm that all necessary actions have been taken.

If suppliers are unwilling or unable to correct any issues, they risk removal from our supply chain. Since 2009, we have removed 25 manufacturing supplier facilities and 229 smelters and refiners from our supply chain for failing to meet our standards.

1.3M+

supplier employees directly engaged by Apple about their workplace experiences in 2024

7.5K+

improvements made to supplier workplaces in 2024 based on employee feedback

665K+

people at 42 supplier sites reached by our hotline awareness campaign, which provides information on how to raise workplace concerns

37K+

supplier employees contacted after interviews to ensure that they didn’t experience retaliation

More about People in Apple’s Supply Chain

People

Labor and human rights at the foundation.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier workplace standards

People

The strongest standards in hiring.

Product personalization, United States

Learn more about job recruitment processes

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability People The strongest standards in hiring.

Product personalization, United States

Open Modal People The strongest standards in hiring. Apple does not tolerate forced labor. Our policies that prevent forced labor apply globally, regardless of a person’s job, location, or how they were hired. We require that job recruitment processes be free and fair, prohibiting practices such as charging fees to secure a job — even where it’s allowed by law. We’ve partnered with the International Organization for Migration (IOM), a United Nations agency, to create easy-to-use tools that help suppliers recruit people ethically and with respect for their human rights. Our work to prevent forced labor extends throughout a worker’s employment journey.

Learn more about our efforts to prevent forced labor View PDF 0

instances found where people were forced to work in our supply chain in 2024

1.4M+

supplier employees covered by responsible labor recruitment due diligence training since 2019

More about People in Apple’s Supply Chain

People

Labor and human rights at the foundation.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier workplace standards

People

We act on feedback.

Component manufacturing, China mainland

Learn more about supplier feedback

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability Education Accessibility by design.

Vocational Education for Persons with Disabilities, China mainland

Open Modal Education Accessibility by design. We believe that the best technology works for everyone and that focusing on accessibility extends to making jobs in our supply chain open to more people.

In 2022, we launched the Vocational Education for Persons with Disabilities program to help our suppliers create manufacturing environments that are more accessible, providing community and accommodations for people who would benefit from tailored support.

In addition to modifying physical workplaces, participating suppliers across the United States, China mainland, India, and Vietnam are also delivering training to create inclusive environments and building community through extracurricular activities and gatherings.

Participants in the program hold a variety of manufacturing roles that were previously not accessible, with some advancing to leadership roles in their facilities.

18K+

participants across 56 supplier facilities in the Vocational Education for Persons with Disabilities program since its launch in 2022

More about Education in Apple’s Supply Chain

Education

Health
starts with knowledge.

Health education training, Vietnam

Learn more about supplier wellbeing programs

Education

Swift learning.

Apple Education Hub, China mainland

Learn more about Swift programming language

Education

Skills that open doors.

Robotics training, China mainland

Learn more about skills development Education Skills that open doors.

Robotics training, China mainland

Open Modal Education Skills that open doors. Through the Apple Education Hub, part of the Apple Supplier Employee Development Fund, people across our supply chain are able to access technical education and resources on topics such as personal development, leadership, computer science, coding, robotics, recycling, and advanced manufacturing. These programs enrich supplier employees’ workplace experiences and provide the skills needed to pursue opportunities in highly technical fields. For example, graduates of our Swift coding program have launched apps on the Apple App Store, meeting our high bar required for publication.

We partner with leading experts such as the Council for Adult and Experiential Learning (CAEL) in the United States, Zhejiang University in China mainland, and St. John’s Medical College in India to ensure that our programs are innovative, meaningful, and connected to relevant opportunities in local job markets.

iMac assembly, Ireland

Component manufacturing, India

74K+

supplier employees who have graduated from our Swift coding program since 2017

More about Education in Apple’s Supply Chain

Education

Health
starts with knowledge.

Health education training, Vietnam

Learn more about supplier wellbeing programs

Education

Swift learning.

Apple Education Hub, China mainland

Learn more about Swift programming language

Education

Accessibility by design.

Vocational Education for Persons with Disabilities, China mainland

Learn more about supply chain job accessibility Education Health starts with knowledge.

Health education training, Vietnam

Open Modal Education Health starts with knowledge. We’re committed to cultivating a supply chain where people can thrive — inside and outside work. This means providing the people in our supply chain with the tools needed to focus on their physical and mental health. Since 2017, millions of supplier employees have benefited from training on essential topics such as nutrition, reproductive health, early disease detection, and mental health. These programs are tailored to meet the needs of people at each participating site, equipping them with the knowledge and skills to take control of their own health, which can be shared with their communities to multiply the impact.

5.8M+

people reached by our health and wellness programs since 2017

54K+

participants in our mental wellbeing programs in 2024

More about Education in Apple’s Supply Chain

Education

Accessibility by design.

Vocational Education for Persons with Disabilities, China mainland

Learn more about supply chain job accessibility

Education

Swift learning.

Apple Education Hub, China mainland

Learn more about Swift programming language

Education

Skills that open doors.

Robotics training, China mainland

Learn more about skills development Education Swift learning.

Apple Education Hub, China mainland

Open Modal Education Swift learning. Coding is an important skill for many of the jobs of today and tomorrow. Through our coding program, supplier employees have the opportunity to learn Swift — a powerful Apple programming language for our platforms.

Participants begin with coding fundamentals before moving on to the advanced level, where they learn how to design and code their apps. Many participants have created apps for use at their own facilities, with some even creating apps that meet the high standards required for publication on the Apple App Store.

340K+

supplier employees have participated in our coding program since 2017

25

apps created by program participants and published on the App Store

More about Education in Apple’s Supply Chain

Education

Health
starts with knowledge.

Health education training, Vietnam

Learn more about supplier wellbeing programs

Education

Accessibility by design.

Vocational Education for Persons with Disabilities, China mainland

Learn more about supply chain job accessibility

Education

Skills that open doors.

Robotics training, China mainland

Learn more about skills development Health and Safety Advanced. Manufacturing.

Aluminum recycling, China mainland

Open Modal Health and Safety Advanced. Manufacturing. As we continue to drive innovation in our products, the machines and facilities used to build them become more advanced. This is why we’re regularly reviewing and strengthening our machine safety programs to help keep the people who operate manufacturing equipment safe on the job. We require suppliers to design safer equipment from the start and to conduct regular trainings on topics such as the use of safety devices, inspection basics, automation safety, and hazards associated with moving parts. We also require suppliers to regularly inspect equipment and safety procedures to confirm that machines remain in safe working condition and that the rules put in place to keep people safe are being enforced and followed. If we do find issues, we work with suppliers to correct them and prevent them from happening again.

800+

supplier sites enrolled in our enhanced machine safety training since 2024

More about Health and Safety in Apple’s Supply Chain

Health and Safety

Leading the way on smarter chemistry.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Learn more about supplier chemical safety standards

Health and Safety

Safety built in.

Material recovery, United States

Learn more about supplier health and safety standards

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability Health and Safety Safety built in.

Material recovery, United States

Open Modal Health and Safety Safety built in. Everyone has the right to be safe at work. We work hard to verify that the materials, machines, and processes used to make our products safeguard the health and safety of the people in our supply chain and the planet we all share. We consistently update our industry-leading health and safety standards and confirm that our suppliers meet those standards through regular inspections. We also partner with our suppliers to build a workplace culture that puts health and safety at the forefront every day, including by requiring training and providing ways for employees to speak up if they identify opportunities to improve safety practices.

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 1.7K+

supplier sites participated in safety training since 2022

108

assessments conducted in 2024 to validate that supplier facilities were ready to meet our standards before manufacturing started

More about Health and Safety in Apple’s Supply Chain

Health and Safety

Advanced. Manufacturing.

Aluminum recycling, China mainland

Learn more about supplier machine safety and training

Health and Safety

Leading the way on smarter chemistry.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Learn more about supplier chemical safety standards

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability Health and Safety Leading the way on smarter chemistry.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Open Modal Health and Safety Leading the way on smarter chemistry. Consideration for the safety of supplier employees and customers guides the decisions we make about the materials we use in our products. We require our suppliers to follow our industry-leading chemical safety standards as we work to protect employees, communities, and the environment against chemical hazards. This includes working together to use safer materials in our products and manufacturing processes, such as in the cleaners used during product assembly. By collaborating with leading experts and nonprofit organizations, we’re accelerating the adoption of safer chemicals across the electronics industry, fostering safer working conditions for people far beyond our own supply chain.

1K+

suppliers that reported data on the chemicals used in their facilities in 2024, allowing Apple to validate compliance with safety standards

200+

new safer cleaners approved for use in our supply chain

More about Health and Safety in Apple’s Supply Chain

Health and Safety

Advanced. Manufacturing.

Aluminum recycling, China mainland

Learn more about supplier machine safety and training

Health and Safety

Safety built in.

Material recovery, United States

Learn more about supplier health and safety standards

Feature

Accountability from day one.

Logistics and repair, United States

Learn more about supplier accountability Environment A carbon neutral supply chain by 2030.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Open Modal Environment A carbon neutral supply chain by 2030. Apple’s worldwide corporate operations have been carbon neutral since 2020, and we’ve set a goal to become carbon neutral across our entire carbon footprint by 2030.

Reaching our Apple 2030 goal means we first need to continue reducing the carbon emissions from our manufacturing processes. To make this happen, we’re designing our products to be less carbon-intensive, increasing our use of recycled and renewable materials, improving material efficiency, and transitioning our entire supply chain to 100 percent renewable energy. We’ll then use carbon removal to address the small amount of remaining emissions, starting with high-quality nature-based solutions, like those in the Apple Restore Fund.

We’ve called on our suppliers to decarbonize their Apple production by 2030, and we’re helping them get there through targeted programs and training to improve energy efficiency and identify sources of high-quality renewable energy.

Learn more about Apple 2030 100%

of Apple suppliers aiming to be carbon neutral for their Apple production by 2030

Nearly 18

gigawatts of renewable energy sourced by Apple suppliers in 2024

More about Environment in Apple’s Supply Chain

Environment

Environmental rights are human rights.

Solar array, United States

Learn more about Apple supplier environmental standards

Environment

A zero-waste mindset.

iPhone assembly, China mainland

Learn more about zero-waste practices

Environment

Our journey to 100% recycled or renewable.

Materials recovered by Daisy, Apple’s iPhone disassembly robot, United States

Learn more about the journey to 100% recycled and renewable Environment Environmental rights are human rights.

Solar array, United States

Open Modal Environment Environmental rights are human rights. Our approach to protecting the planet considers not only the environmental implications of every decision we make, but also the impact of those decisions on people, particularly those living and working in communities disproportionately affected by climate change. This is why we consider our supply chain in the context of the local communities where our suppliers operate.

We collaborate with local partners — including companies, NGOs, and government agencies — to help address the diverse environmental needs of these communities, from improving water quality across entire watersheds to strengthening resilience to extreme weather. We piloted a program with the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to help a small community in the Philippines better withstand the impacts of repeated typhoons through the construction of resilient shelters. We share learnings from these projects across and beyond our supply chain, helping benefit more communities around the world.

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 More about Environment in Apple’s Supply Chain

Environment

A carbon neutral supply chain by 2030.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Learn more about a carbon neutral supply chain

Environment

A zero-waste mindset.

iPhone assembly, China mainland

Learn more about zero-waste practices

Environment

Our journey to 100% recycled or renewable.

Materials recovered by Daisy, Apple’s iPhone disassembly robot, United States

Learn more about the journey to 100% recycled and renewable Environment A zero-waste mindset.

iPhone assembly, China mainland

Open Modal Environment A zero-waste mindset. We’re dedicated to minimizing resource use and waste as we build our products. We require our suppliers to avoid sending waste to landfills by implementing recycling and reuse programs and developing innovative materials and recycling strategies. Today, all established final assembly sites where Apple products are assembled and packaged are Zero Waste Certified.

Water is a critical resource shared by people and ecosystems around the world, and we’re working to protect it for future generations. Through our Clean Water Program, we’re helping suppliers reduce their water usage, promote water recycling, and prevent water pollution. Since the launch of this program in 2013, 29 of our suppliers’ facilities have achieved certification through the Alliance for Water Stewardship (AWS), the world’s leading water stewardship organization. Earning this certification requires suppliers to adopt industry-leading water conservation and stewardship practices while also engaging with their community to protect resources across their local water basin.

Item 1 Item 2 600K+

tons of waste diverted from landfills by Apple suppliers in 2024

90B+

gallons of fresh water saved through the Apple Clean Water Program since 2013

More about Environment in Apple’s Supply Chain

Environment

Environmental rights are human rights.

Solar array, United States

Learn more about Apple supplier environmental standards

Environment

A carbon neutral supply chain by 2030.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Learn more about a carbon neutral supply chain

Environment

Our journey to 100% recycled or renewable.

Materials recovered by Daisy, Apple’s iPhone disassembly robot, United States

Learn more about the journey to 100% recycled and renewable Environment Our journey to 100% recycled or renewable.

Materials recovered by Daisy, Apple’s iPhone disassembly robot, United States

Open Modal Environment Our journey to 100% recycled or renewable. Our goal is to one day build our products using only recycled or renewable materials and to end our reliance on mining. Each year, we move closer to that goal, with more components being made with 100 percent recycled or renewable materials. Effectively disassembling and recycling our products after use is a key part of our work to support a circular economy. These processes, led by Apple’s disassembly robots Daisy, Dave, and Taz, help recover valuable materials that can be used again, making the best use of limited resources and enabling us to design and build the next generation of devices to be even better for people and the planet. We help our suppliers efficiently and safely recycle our products by providing Recycler Guides and conducting assessments to verify that they’re meeting our standards.

We maintain strict standards for the responsible sourcing of materials — whether primary or recycled. Although Apple does not source primary material directly from mine sites, we work closely with our suppliers to uphold our standards and support partners that work to improve conditions in and around mining communities.

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Learn more about our efforts to responsibly source materials View PDF 100%

responsibly sourced key materials in batteries, whether primary or recycled

100%

recycled cobalt targeted to be used in all Apple-designed batteries by the end of 2025*

100%

recycled rare earth elements targeted to be used in all magnets across Apple products by the end of 2025

Learn more about our recycling efforts More about Environment in Apple’s Supply Chain

Environment

Environmental rights are human rights.

Solar array, United States

Learn more about Apple supplier environmental standards

Environment

A zero-waste mindset.

iPhone assembly, China mainland

Learn more about zero-waste practices

Environment

A carbon neutral supply chain by 2030.

Apple Watch assembly, Vietnam

Learn more about a carbon neutral supply chain Read our 2025 reports to learn more about our dedication to people and the planet. View our reports Logistics, Czech Republic More from Apple on our global supply chain. Your feedback makes a difference.

Feedback makes our global supply chain better. We welcome your thoughts, questions, and ideas.

Feedback Name Error: Specify name Email Address Error: Enter a valid or alternate email address Select your country or region América Latina y el Caribe (español) Anguilla Antigua & Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Bahrain Barbados Belgique België Belize Bermuda Bolivia Botswana Brasil British Virgin Islands България Cameroun Canada (English) Canada (Français) Cayman Islands Centre Afrique Česká republika Chile 中国大陆 Colombia Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Danmark Deutschland Dominica Ecuador Eesti Egypt El Salvador España France Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea-Bissau Guinée Guinée Equatoriale Guyana Honduras Hong Kong (English) 香港 Hrvatska India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italia Jamaica 日本 Jordan Kenya 대한민국 Kuwait Latin America and the Caribbean (English) Latvija Liechtenstein Lietuva Luxembourg Madagascar Magyarország Malaysia Mali Malta Maroc Mauritius Moldova Montenegro Montserrat Mozambique México Nederland New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norge North Macedonia Oman Österreich Other Asia Panamá Paraguay Perú Philippines Polska Portugal Puerto Rico (English) Puerto Rico (español) Qatar República Dominicana România Россия Saudi Arabia Schweiz Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa St. Kitts & Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent & The Grenadines Suisse Suomi Suriname Sverige Sénégal 台灣 Thailand The Bahamas Trinidad & Tobago Tunisie Turks & Caicos Türkiye UK USA Uganda United Arab Emirates Uruguay Venezuela Vietnam Country or Region Error: Select country or region Subject Error: Specify subject Select feedback category General Feedback Annual Supply Chain Report Areas for Improvement I have feedback about: Error: Select feedback category Select affiliation category Customer Investor Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Student Supplier Other: Please specify Prefer not to identify Affiliation type: Error: Select affiliation category Specify affiliation: Error: Enter affiliation Comments Error: Specify comments Submit Our values lead the way. Environment

We’re committed to bringing our net emissions to zero across our entire carbon footprint by 2030.

Learn more

Privacy

We design every product and service to keep your data safe and secure.

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Accessibility

Our built-in accessibility features are designed to work the way you do.

Learn more

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